What can you see in the night sky?
Compared to the scale of the Universe, there is not much: only a small section of the Milky Way galaxy located near the Sun.
Can you observe from anywhere?
Yes, but what you can see depends on the place of observation. Large cities are poorly suited for observation because artificial lighting interferes with viewing. But bright stars (Sirius, Vega, Betelgeuse) and nearby planets (Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn) can be seen from any metropolis. And, of course, the moon.
And if you go somewhere out of town?
It will be much better that way. You will be able to see the strip of the Milky Way, distinguish between familiar and unfamiliar constellations. To see the most distant object visible to the naked eye – the large Andromeda galaxy, located two and a half million light-years away – you have to go somewhere in the mountains or desert. There, electric light will not interfere at all.
What about shooting stars?
Shooting stars are, of course, not stars, but meteors, cosmic grains of sand that burn up in the upper atmosphere. When the Earth crosses the orbit of a comet, a meteor shower can be observed. They are usually clearly visible, especially in August (Perseids – their source seems to be the constellation Perseus), or December (Gemenids – their source in Gemini).